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686 KB
Extraction Summary
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People
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Organizations
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Locations
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Events
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Relationships
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Quotes
Document Information
Type:
Legal document
File Size:
686 KB
Summary
This legal document is a jury instruction, specifically Instruction No. 39, filed on December 18, 2021, in case 1:20-cr-00330-PAE. It defines the concept of "conscious avoidance" or "willful blindness," instructing the jury that they can consider a defendant's deliberate ignorance of a probable crime as the equivalent of actual knowledge. This instruction guides the jury in determining whether the defendant acted "knowingly," a key element the government must prove.
People (1)
| Name | Role | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Defendant | Defendant |
The subject of the jury instruction, whose knowledge and actions are being evaluated.
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Organizations (1)
| Name | Type | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Government | Government agency |
The prosecuting party that must prove the Defendant acted knowingly.
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Timeline (1 events)
2021-12-18
Filing of jury instructions (Document 563) in case 1:20-cr-00330-PAE, specifically Instruction No. 39 on 'Conscious Avoidance'.
Relationships (2)
The document states the 'Government' has the burden to 'prove that the Defendant acted knowingly'.
The document instructs the jury on how to evaluate the Defendant's state of mind: 'you, the jury, may consider in deciding what the Defendant knew.'
Key Quotes (2)
"The law calls this “conscious avoidance” or “willful blindness.”"Source
— The law (as stated in the instruction)
(Defining the legal term for willfully remaining ignorant of a material fact to escape criminal consequences.)
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Quote #1
"if you find beyond a reasonable doubt that the Defendant was aware that there was a high probability a crime was being committed, but that the Defendant deliberately and consciously avoided confirming this fact... then you may treat this deliberate avoidance of positive knowledge as the equivalent of knowledge..."Source
— The judge (instructing the jury)
(Explaining the conditions under which the jury can equate deliberate avoidance with actual knowledge.)
DOJ-OGR-00008595.jpg
Quote #2
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