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1.84 MB
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Extraction Summary

4
People
4
Organizations
2
Locations
7
Events
1
Relationships
4
Quotes

Document Information

Type: Scientific report / academic paper (supplementary material)
File Size: 1.84 MB
Summary

This document appears to be a page from a scientific paper or supplementary report discussing 'culturomic' approaches to tracking historical epidemics and censorship. It details a comparison between human annotators and algorithms in identifying censorship, and then analyzes historical disease outbreaks (Influenza, Cholera, Polio) using cultural interest data (likely Google Books data). The document bears a House Oversight Bates stamp, suggesting it was part of a document production for a congressional investigation, though the text itself is purely academic.

People (4)

Name Role Context
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Historical Figure
Mentioned regarding increased interest in polio following his election in 1932.
Salk Scientist/Researcher
Mentioned regarding the development of the polio vaccine in 1952.
Sabin Scientist/Researcher
Mentioned regarding the development of the oral polio vaccine in 1962.
Annotator Researcher (Unnamed)
Human researcher whose classifications were compared against an algorithm.

Organizations (4)

Name Type Context
Google
Mentioned regarding user search habits during influenza epidemics.
CDC
Centers for Disease Control; referenced regarding surveillance results.
Cambridge World History of Human Diseases
Source for historical epidemic dates.
House Oversight Committee
Implied via Bates stamp 'HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_017037'.

Timeline (7 events)

1890
Russian Flu epidemic
Global
1916
Polio epidemic
US
1918
Spanish Flu epidemic
Global
1932
Election of Franklin Delano Roosevelt
US
1952
Deployment of Salk's polio vaccine
Global
1957
Asian Flu epidemic
Global
1962
Deployment of Sabin's oral vaccine
Global

Locations (2)

Location Context
US
Location of the 1916 polio epidemic.
Region affected by specific cholera epidemics.

Relationships (1)

Annotator Comparison Algorithm
correspondence between the annotator and our algorithm was 81%... and 93%

Key Quotes (4)

"Taken together, the conclusions of a scholarly annotator researching one name at a time closely matched those of our automated approach."
Source
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Quote #1
"These findings confirm that our computational method provides an effective strategy for rapidly identifying likely victims of censorship given a large pool of possibilities."
Source
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Quote #2
"Disease epidemics have a significant impact on the surrounding culture"
Source
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Quote #3
"We therefore reasoned that culturomic approaches might be used to track historical epidemics."
Source
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Quote #4

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