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330 A Glossary

within a deme, programs are generally similar enough that reasonable syntax-semantics correlation obtains.

• Derived Hypergraph: The SMEPH hypergraph obtained via modeling a system in terms of a hypergraph representing its internal states and their relationships. For instance, a SMEPH vertex represents a collection of internal states that habitually occur in relation to similar external situations. A SMEPH edge represents a relationship between two SMEPH vertices (e.g. a similarity or inheritance relationship). The terminology "edge /vertex" is used in this context, to distinguish from the "link / node" terminology used in the context of the Atomspace.
• DeSTIN – Deep SpatioTemporal Inference Network: A specific CSDLN created by Itamar Arel, tested on visual perception, and appropriate for integration within CogPrime.
• Dialogue: Linguistic interaction between two or more parties. In a CogPrime context, this may be in English or another natural language, or it may be in Lojban or Psynese.
• Dialogue Control: The process of determining what to say at each juncture in a dialogue. This is distinguished from the linguistic aspects of dialogue, language comprehension and language generation. Dialogue control applies to Psynese or Lojban, as well as to human natural language.
• Dimensional Embedding: The process of embedding entities from some non-dimensional space (e.g. the Atomspace) into an n-dimensional Euclidean space. This can be useful in an AI context because some sorts of queries (e.g. "find everything similar to X", "find a path between X and Y") are much faster to carry out among points in a Euclidean space, than among entities in a space with less geometric structure.
• Distributed Atomspace: An implementation of an Atomspace that spans multiple computational processes; generally this is done to enable spreading an Atomspace across multiple machines.
• Dual Network: A network of mental or informational entities with both a hierarchical structure and a heterarchical structure, and an alignment among the two structures so that each one helps with the maintenance of the other. This is hypothesized to be a critical emergent structure, that must emerge in a mind (e.g. in an Atomspace) in order for it to achieve a reasonable level of human-like general intelligence (and possibly to achieve a high level of pragmatic general intelligence in any physical environment).
• Efficient Pragmatic General Intelligence: A formal, mathematical definition of general intelligence (extending the pragmatic general intelligence), that ultimately boils down to: the ability to achieve complex goals in complex environments using limited computational resources (where there is a specifically given weighting function determining which goals and environments have highest priority). More specifically, the definition weighted-sums the system's normalized goal-achieving ability over (goal, environment pairs), and where the weights are given by some assumed measure over (goal, environment pairs), and where the normalization is done via dividing by the (space and time) computational resources used for achieving the goal.
• Elegant Normal Form (ENF): Used in MOSES, this is a way of putting programs in a normal form while retaining their hierarchical structure. This is critical if one wishes to probabilistically model the structure of a collection of programs, which is a meaningful operation if the collection of programs is operating within a region of program space where syntax-semantics correlation holds to a reasonable degree. The Reduct library is used to place programs into ENF.

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