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647 KB
Extraction Summary
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Locations
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Document Information
Type:
Legal document
File Size:
647 KB
Summary
This legal document is a jury instruction from a court case, filed on December 18, 2021, concerning Ms. Maxwell. It defines the fourth element of Count Six, 'Sex Trafficking of an Individual Under the Age of 18,' specifically addressing the requirement of affecting interstate commerce. The instruction clarifies for the jury that the Government does not need to prove Ms. Maxwell intended to affect interstate commerce, only that her actions did so, even minimally, and that proof of actual travel across state lines is not required.
People (1)
| Name | Role | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Ms. Maxwell | Defendant (implied) |
Mentioned as the individual whose conduct is being evaluated in the context of a sex trafficking charge.
|
Organizations (1)
| Name | Type | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Government | Government agency |
The prosecuting entity that must prove the elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.
|
Timeline (1 events)
The document describes the elements of the offense of 'Sex Trafficking of an Individual Under the Age of 18a Minor'.
Relationships (1)
The document outlines the Government's burden of proof in its prosecution of Ms. Maxwell for a criminal offense.
Key Quotes (2)
"It is not necessary for the Government to prove that Ms. Maxwell specifically knew or intended that her conduct would affect interstate commerce; it is only necessary that the natural consequences of such conduct would affect interstate commerce in some way, even if minor."Source
— The Court (in an instruction to the jury)
(This instruction clarifies the legal standard for the 'interstate commerce' element of the charge, focusing on the effect of the conduct rather than the defendant's intent.)
DOJ-OGR-00008577.jpg
Quote #1
"Proof of actual travel is not required."Source
— The Court (in an instruction to the jury)
(This instruction clarifies that to satisfy the interstate commerce element, the jury does not need to find that any specific interstate travel occurred.)
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Quote #2
Full Extracted Text
Complete text extracted from the document (1,818 characters)
Case 1:20-cr-00330-PAE Document 563 Filed 12/18/21 Page 39 of 167
Instruction No. 29: Count Six: Sex Trafficking of an Individual Under the Age of 18a
Minor – Fourth Element
Minor – Fourth Element
The fourth and final element of Count Six which the Government must prove beyond a
reasonable doubt is that Ms. Maxwell’s conduct was in interstate commerce or affected interstate
commerce.
reasonable doubt is that Ms. Maxwell’s conduct was in interstate commerce or affected interstate
commerce.
Interstate commerce simply means the movement of goods, services, money and
individuals between any two or more states.
individuals between any two or more states.
I instruct you that acts and transactions that cross state lines, or which affect the flow of
money in the stream of commerce to any degree, however minimal, are acts and transactions
affecting interstate commerce. For instance, it affects interstate commerce to use products that
traveled in interstate commerce.
money in the stream of commerce to any degree, however minimal, are acts and transactions
affecting interstate commerce. For instance, it affects interstate commerce to use products that
traveled in interstate commerce.
It is not necessary for the Government to prove that Ms. Maxwell specifically knew or
intended that her conduct would affect interstate commerce; it is only necessary that the natural
consequences of such conduct would affect interstate commerce in some way, even if minor.
intended that her conduct would affect interstate commerce; it is only necessary that the natural
consequences of such conduct would affect interstate commerce in some way, even if minor.
If you find beyond a reasonable doubt that the recruitment, enticement, harboring,
transportation, providing, or obtaining of a person for the purpose of engaging in commercial sex
acts was economic in nature and involved the crossing of state lines, or was economic in nature
and otherwise affected the flow of money to any degree, however minimal, you may find that the
interstate commerce requirement of the offense of sex trafficking of a minoran individual under
the age of 18 has been satisfied.
transportation, providing, or obtaining of a person for the purpose of engaging in commercial sex
acts was economic in nature and involved the crossing of state lines, or was economic in nature
and otherwise affected the flow of money to any degree, however minimal, you may find that the
interstate commerce requirement of the offense of sex trafficking of a minoran individual under
the age of 18 has been satisfied.
I further instruct you that to find that this element has been proven beyond a reasonable
doubt, it is not necessary for you to find that any interstate travel occurred. Proof of actual travel
is not required.
doubt, it is not necessary for you to find that any interstate travel occurred. Proof of actual travel
is not required.
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DOJ-OGR-00008577
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