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2.24 MB
Extraction Summary
4
People
4
Organizations
3
Locations
2
Events
2
Relationships
4
Quotes
Document Information
Type:
News article / scientific report
File Size:
2.24 MB
Summary
This document appears to be a page from a news article or report discussing scientific advancements in human cloning and embryonic stem cell research conducted by a team at OHSU (Oregon Health & Science University). It details the methodology used (specifically the use of caffeine, dubbed 'the Starbucks effect'), the ethical debates surrounding egg donation and compensation, and the legal landscape in the United States regarding cloning. While Jeffrey Epstein is not mentioned by name on this page, the content aligns with his known interests in transhumanism, genetic engineering, and scientific funding, and the document bears a House Oversight footer.
People (4)
| Name | Role | Context |
|---|---|---|
| George W. Bush | Former US President |
Established a commission of bioethicists in 2002 that urged a ban on reproductive cloning.
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| Jeffrey Kahn | Bioethicist |
Johns Hopkins University bioethicist who commented on the need for federal rules regarding cloning and egg donation.
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| Michael D. West | Stem cell scientist |
Scientist not involved in the study who dubbed the caffeine method 'the Starbucks effect'.
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| Dr. Paula Amato | Infertility specialist |
OHSU specialist and study author who reported on the production of six lines of embryonic stem cells.
|
Organizations (4)
| Name | Type | Context |
|---|---|---|
| OHSU |
Oregon Health & Science University; the institution where the team conducted the cloning/stem cell experiments.
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| Johns Hopkins University |
Affiliation of bioethicist Jeffrey Kahn.
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| Cell |
Scientific journal where the paper outlining the methodology was published.
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| House Oversight Committee |
Implied by the footer 'HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_027026'.
|
Timeline (2 events)
2002
Commission of bioethicists established by President Bush urged a ban on reproductive cloning.
United States
Unknown
OHSU researchers produced six lines of embryonic stem cells from six separate embryos.
Oregon
Dr. Paula Amato
OHSU Team
Locations (3)
| Location | Context |
|---|---|
|
Mentioned regarding national laws on cloning.
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State where OHSU is located; mentioned as a state that has not banned therapeutic cloning.
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State mentioned as having strict limits on payments for egg donation.
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Relationships (2)
Kahn commented on the success of the OHSU team's experiments.
West commented on the methodology used by the OHSU team.
Key Quotes (4)
"financially compensated for the time, effort, discomfort and inconvenience associated with the donation process"Source
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Quote #1
"The success of the experiments rekindled debate among bioethicists, who have long anticipated that human cloning would become a reality."Source
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Quote #2
"dubbed 'the Starbucks effect.'"Source
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Quote #3
"Unlike its stimulating effect on coffee-drinkers, the caffeine chemically slowed the rush to divide and grow that had doomed earlier efforts."Source
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Quote #4
Full Extracted Text
Complete text extracted from the document (2,883 characters)
The volunteers, between the ages of 23 and 31, donated their eggs anonymously and were
"financially compensated for the time, effort, discomfort and inconvenience associated with the
donation process," the study authors wrote.
"financially compensated for the time, effort, discomfort and inconvenience associated with the
donation process," the study authors wrote.
The success of the experiments rekindled debate among bioethicists, who have long anticipated
that human cloning would become a reality.
that human cloning would become a reality.
In 2002, a commission of bioethicists established by then-President George W. Bush unanimously
urged a ban on reproductive cloning. But the panel was deeply divided about the propriety of
"therapeutic cloning" for research and medical treatment.
urged a ban on reproductive cloning. But the panel was deeply divided about the propriety of
"therapeutic cloning" for research and medical treatment.
Though 13 states have passed laws banning reproductive cloning, the United States is one of just
a few industrialized countries that has not prohibited the practice. Seven states also have banned
therapeutic cloning. Oregon is not one of them.
a few industrialized countries that has not prohibited the practice. Seven states also have banned
therapeutic cloning. Oregon is not one of them.
The OHSU team's success underscores the urgent need for federal rules that spell out consistent
national limits on therapeutic cloning and put a clear ban on the technology's use in fertility
clinics, said Johns Hopkins University bioethicist Jeffrey Kahn.
national limits on therapeutic cloning and put a clear ban on the technology's use in fertility
clinics, said Johns Hopkins University bioethicist Jeffrey Kahn.
Researchers are also likely to step up their demand for donated eggs so they can conduct similar
experiments. That lends urgency to the need for standardized practices for compensating women
who donate their eggs. Some states, including California, have set strict limits on such payments,
while others have allowed a market for donated eggs to flourish unregulated, Kahn added.
experiments. That lends urgency to the need for standardized practices for compensating women
who donate their eggs. Some states, including California, have set strict limits on such payments,
while others have allowed a market for donated eggs to flourish unregulated, Kahn added.
Among the methodological innovations outlined in the Cell paper was a trick that stem cell
scientist Michael D. West, who was not involved in the study, dubbed "the Starbucks effect."
scientist Michael D. West, who was not involved in the study, dubbed "the Starbucks effect."
The OHSU team added caffeine to the growth medium that nourished the eggs after they were
stripped of their original DNA and awaited the new DNA from a skin cell. Unlike its stimulating
effect on coffee-drinkers, the caffeine chemically slowed the rush to divide and grow that had
doomed earlier efforts.
stripped of their original DNA and awaited the new DNA from a skin cell. Unlike its stimulating
effect on coffee-drinkers, the caffeine chemically slowed the rush to divide and grow that had
doomed earlier efforts.
The OHSU scientists also studied which batches of donated eggs were most likely to thrive and
survive long enough to produce stem cells. Finding that eggs fared best when they were part of a
medium-sized harvest, the researchers fine-tuned their regimen of egg-stimulating drugs so that
more of the women produced about 10 eggs per cycle.
survive long enough to produce stem cells. Finding that eggs fared best when they were part of a
medium-sized harvest, the researchers fine-tuned their regimen of egg-stimulating drugs so that
more of the women produced about 10 eggs per cycle.
In all, the researchers produced six lines of embryonic stem cells from six separate embryos, said
OHSU infertility specialist Dr. Paula Amato, one of the paper's authors.
OHSU infertility specialist Dr. Paula Amato, one of the paper's authors.
Four of them contained the nuclear DNA of a single donor whose skin cells were purchased from
a commercial lab, and a fifth came from a separate donor whose cells were bought the same way.
a commercial lab, and a fifth came from a separate donor whose cells were bought the same way.
The sixth donor was a patient with Leigh syndrome, a genetic disorder that results in severe and
mostly fatal neurological degeneration in a child's first years of life.
mostly fatal neurological degeneration in a child's first years of life.
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