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1.15 MB
Extraction Summary
3
People
1
Organizations
0
Locations
0
Events
0
Relationships
4
Quotes
Document Information
Type:
Book excerpt / manuscript page (evidence file)
File Size:
1.15 MB
Summary
This document appears to be page 344 from a book or manuscript titled 'Are the Androids Dreaming Yet?'. The text discusses quantum mechanics principles, specifically measuring particle spin, Fleming's left-hand rule, and the concept of realism as discussed by Einstein. It includes a photo demonstrating a hand gesture labeled 'Kochen Specker'. The document bears a House Oversight Bates stamp, indicating it was part of an evidence production, likely related to Epstein's interest in or funding of scientific research.
People (3)
| Name | Role | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Einstein | Physicist |
Mentioned in the text regarding his explanation of 'realism' in quantum mechanics.
|
| Fleming | Physicist |
Mentioned in reference to 'Fleming's left-hand rule'.
|
| Kochen Specker | Mathematicians/Physicists |
Referenced in the image caption, referring to the Kochen-Specker theorem.
|
Organizations (1)
| Name | Type | Context |
|---|---|---|
| House Oversight Committee |
Identified via the Bates stamp 'HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_016034'.
|
Key Quotes (4)
"If we measure something in the quantum world, it always yields a classical result"Source
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Quote #1
"Quantum mechanics is named ‘quantum’ because all the readings must be whole numbers."Source
HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_016034.jpg
Quote #2
"The measurements for a Boson will always be 1,0,1 in some order. This is known as the ‘101’ rule."Source
HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_016034.jpg
Quote #3
"Einstein explained realism by saying “I like"Source
HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_016034.jpg
Quote #4
Full Extracted Text
Complete text extracted from the document (1,643 characters)
344
Are the Androids Dreaming Yet?
Are the Androids Dreaming Yet?
bad. If we measure something in the quantum world, it always yields a
classical result – in this case the magnitudes of spin are 1, 0 and 1. (Minus
one squared is one.)
classical result – in this case the magnitudes of spin are 1, 0 and 1. (Minus
one squared is one.)
We need to imagine measuring the spin of a particle along three
axes; x, y and z. Hold your hand up and make a shape that looks like
the one in the following picture. You might remember it from science
classes; it was used to help you understand Fleming’s left-hand rule. For
our purposes it does not matter which hand you use; it is just the shape
that matters. I am going to use my left hand for sentimental reasons.
axes; x, y and z. Hold your hand up and make a shape that looks like
the one in the following picture. You might remember it from science
classes; it was used to help you understand Fleming’s left-hand rule. For
our purposes it does not matter which hand you use; it is just the shape
that matters. I am going to use my left hand for sentimental reasons.
Now, imagine the palm of your hand is the measuring apparatus:
your index finger the x axis, your middle finger, y and your thumb, z. At
any moment you can move your hand to point in any direction and take
a measurement. We will have to round up or down. Quantum mechanics
is named ‘quantum’ because all the readings must be whole numbers.
You will never see 10% spin in x, 90% in y and 85% in z; just ones, and
zeros. The measurements for a Boson will always be 1,0,1 in some order.
This is known as the ‘101’ rule.
your index finger the x axis, your middle finger, y and your thumb, z. At
any moment you can move your hand to point in any direction and take
a measurement. We will have to round up or down. Quantum mechanics
is named ‘quantum’ because all the readings must be whole numbers.
You will never see 10% spin in x, 90% in y and 85% in z; just ones, and
zeros. The measurements for a Boson will always be 1,0,1 in some order.
This is known as the ‘101’ rule.
Now, we ask the question: does a particle have a definite spin before
we take a measurement? The instinctive answer is yes, and this way of
viewing things is known as realism. It seems obvious that even if we did
not make a measurement, the particle would still have its spin; we just
wouldn’t know which type. Einstein explained realism by saying “I like
we take a measurement? The instinctive answer is yes, and this way of
viewing things is known as realism. It seems obvious that even if we did
not make a measurement, the particle would still have its spin; we just
wouldn’t know which type. Einstein explained realism by saying “I like
[Image of a left hand gesturing with thumb up, index finger forward, and middle finger pointing right]
Kochen Specker
HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_016034
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