This document is page 119 of a rough draft transcript, likely from a House Oversight deposition. It features a Q&A regarding legal theory, specifically whether an 'adverse inference' can be drawn against a subject when a related witness invokes the Fifth Amendment. The witness explains that under the 11th Circuit's jurisdiction, a 'four-factor test' is applied to determine if such an inference is valid, weighing factors like the relationship between parties and the degree of control one has over the other.
| Name | Type | Context |
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| 11th Circuit |
Court of Appeals mentioned as the jurisdiction with a specific four-factor test.
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| WesLaw |
Legal research database (Westlaw) mentioned by the witness.
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| House Oversight Committee |
Implied by the Bates stamp 'HOUSE_OVERSIGHT'.
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"In your mind, if you have a witness who is asked about a long litany of persons and he takes the Fifth Amendment in response to all of them, is it fair to draw an adverse inference as to the other person?"Source
"The 11th Circuit... has a four-factor test that says, look, you can't just draw an adverse inference against someone in every circumstance, you have to balance various factors."Source
"I think there are two things here that would lead to the conclusion that under the four-factor balancing test, the adverse inference could be used in the 11th Circuit"Source
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