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Extraction Summary
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People
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Organizations
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Locations
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Events
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Relationships
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Quotes
Document Information
Type:
Legal document
File Size:
708 KB
Summary
This legal document, filed on January 25, 2021, argues that the jury selection process in the White Plains Division systematically excludes Black and Hispanic jurors. It relies on a statistical analysis by Mr. Martin, which found that the demographic makeup of the jury wheel deviates by more than three standard deviations from comparison populations, suggesting the discrepancy is inherent to the process and not a result of chance.
People (2)
| Name | Role | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Mr. Martin |
Conducted statistical analyses (comparative disparity and standard deviation) on jury selection, finding significant ...
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| Jackman |
Cited in a legal case (Jackman, 46 F.3d at 1248) related to fair cross-section violations due to systematic exclusion.
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Organizations (1)
| Name | Type | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Southern District of New York | government agency |
The federal judicial district where the jury selection process is being analyzed.
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Timeline (1 events)
A statistical analysis of jury selection in the White Plains Division found significant underrepresentation of Black and Hispanic jurors, with a divergence of more than three standard deviations from the comparison population.
White Plains Division
Locations (3)
| Location | Context |
|---|---|
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A division within the Southern District of New York used as a point of comparison for jury population demographics.
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The division whose jury selection process is under scrutiny for underrepresenting Black and Hispanic jurors.
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Area where eligible jurors were systematically excluded from the jury pool.
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Key Quotes (3)
"inherent in the particular jury-selection process utilized."Source
— Duren, 439 U.S. at 366
(A quote from a legal precedent defining the nature of a discrepancy that indicates systematic exclusion in jury selection.)
DOJ-OGR-00002330(1).jpg
Quote #1
"not the result of random factors, chance, or luck"Source
— Mr. Martin (inferred from context)
(Describing the findings of the statistical analysis, indicating the underrepresentation of certain groups was not accidental.)
DOJ-OGR-00002330(1).jpg
Quote #2
"the result of a systematic process that under represents” each group."Source
— Mr. Martin (inferred from context)
(The conclusion of the analysis, attributing the demographic disparities in the jury pool to a flawed system.)
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Quote #3
Full Extracted Text
Complete text extracted from the document (2,064 characters)
Case 1:20-cr-00330-AJN Document 126 Filed 01/25/21 Page 10 of 13
Manhattan Division, Mr. Martin found statistically significant underrepresentation using both the comparative disparity and standard deviation analyses. Id. ¶¶ 67-68, 74-75.
To satisfy the third Duren element, a party need only establish that the underrepresentation is due to the systematic exclusion of a cognizable group during the jury selection processes—i.e., that the discrepancy is “inherent in the particular jury-selection process utilized.” Duren, 439 U.S. at 366. Regardless of whether the White Plains qualified jury wheel is compared to the eligible jury population of the Manhattan Division or to that of the entire Southern District of New York, the primary reason for the significant underrepresentation of Black and Hispanic jurors on the White Plains wheel is the choice to pursue an indictment from a grand jury drawn from the White Plains Division, as opposed to the Manhattan Division or the District as a whole. This decision resulted in the systematic exclusion of eligible jurors residing in the southern counties of this District.
Moreover, Mr. Martin’s standard deviation analysis found that regardless of whether the Manhattan Division or the entire District is used as the point of comparison, the percent of both Black and Hispanic jurors in the White Plains jury wheel differs from that in the comparison population by more than three standard deviations. Martin Decl. ¶¶ 74-75. According to Mr. Martin, if there is no systematic overrepresentation or underrepresentation of a distinctive group, the divergence of demographics should exceed three deviations only approximately 0.5% of the time. Id. ¶ 73. Thus, the underrepresentations here are “not the result of random factors, chance, or luck” but “the result of a systematic process that under represents” each group. Id. ¶¶ 74-75. See Jackman, 46 F.3d at 1248 (finding fair cross-section violation due to systematic exclusion of residents from communities with large minority populations).
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DOJ-OGR-00002330
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