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631 KB
Extraction Summary
1
People
3
Organizations
0
Locations
1
Events
2
Relationships
3
Quotes
Document Information
Type:
Legal document
File Size:
631 KB
Summary
This document is a page from a court transcript dated August 10, 2022, detailing the direct examination of a witness named Loftus. Loftus, an apparent expert, explains the concept of "post-event suggestion," describing how external information received after an event—through conversations, biased interrogations, or media reports—can influence and contaminate a person's memory. The witness also mentions having consulted for government agencies like the FBI and Secret Service on these topics.
People (1)
| Name | Role | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Loftus | Witness |
Mentioned in the header as the person undergoing direct examination. Provides answers (A.) throughout the transcript.
|
Organizations (3)
| Name | Type | Context |
|---|---|---|
| FBI | government agency |
Mentioned as an organization the witness (Loftus) has consulted for.
|
| Secret Service | government agency |
Mentioned as an organization the witness (Loftus) has consulted for.
|
| SOUTHERN DISTRICT REPORTERS, P.C. | company |
Listed at the bottom of the page, likely the court reporting firm that transcribed the proceedings.
|
Relationships (2)
Loftus states they have consulted for the Secret Service.
Key Quotes (3)
"Post-event information can happen when two people are having a conversation with each other about the past and they can influence each other."Source
— Loftus
(Explaining the definition of post-event information to the jury.)
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Quote #1
"Post-event information can be supplied when somebody is being interrogated, particularly, if they're being interrogated with somebody who's got an agenda or a hypothesis about what might have happened and communicates that to the person they're interviewing, even inadvertently."Source
— Loftus
(Providing an example of how post-event information can be introduced during an interrogation.)
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Quote #2
"The media is a source of post-event suggestion that we've actually studied where people are sometimes interviewed on the media or media personalities will supply some suggestive information that can contaminate memory."Source
— Loftus
(Giving an example of how media can be a source of memory contamination.)
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Quote #3
Full Extracted Text
Complete text extracted from the document (1,618 characters)
Case 1:20-cr-00330-PAE Document 761 Filed 08/10/22 Page 126 of 246
LCGCmax4
Loftus - direct
LCGCmax4
Loftus - direct
1 it's faded and weakened, it becomes more vulnerable to
2 contamination.
3 Q. Now, you spoke about post-event suggestion. Stepping back
4 for a moment and just using the term post-event information,
5 please tell the jury what that would be and what could
6 constitute such information.
7 A. Post-event information can happen when two people are
8 having a conversation with each other about the past and they
9 can influence each other. Post-event information can be
10 supplied when somebody is being interrogated, particularly, if
11 they're being interrogated with somebody who's got an agenda or
12 a hypothesis about what might have happened and communicates
13 that to the person they're interviewing, even inadvertently.
14 The media is a source of post-event suggestion that
15 we've actually studied where people are sometimes interviewed
16 on the media or media personalities will supply some suggestive
17 information that can contaminate memory.
18 Those are just examples of out there in the real
19 world, what are the opportunities for post-event suggestion to
20 become available to a person and potentially contaminate a
21 memory.
22 Q. Have you conducted any studies or given any workshops with
23 regards to interviewing techniques and the effect on memory?
24 A. Well, that is typically what -- when I would be consulting,
25 for example, with the FBI or the Secret Service or even the
2 contamination.
3 Q. Now, you spoke about post-event suggestion. Stepping back
4 for a moment and just using the term post-event information,
5 please tell the jury what that would be and what could
6 constitute such information.
7 A. Post-event information can happen when two people are
8 having a conversation with each other about the past and they
9 can influence each other. Post-event information can be
10 supplied when somebody is being interrogated, particularly, if
11 they're being interrogated with somebody who's got an agenda or
12 a hypothesis about what might have happened and communicates
13 that to the person they're interviewing, even inadvertently.
14 The media is a source of post-event suggestion that
15 we've actually studied where people are sometimes interviewed
16 on the media or media personalities will supply some suggestive
17 information that can contaminate memory.
18 Those are just examples of out there in the real
19 world, what are the opportunities for post-event suggestion to
20 become available to a person and potentially contaminate a
21 memory.
22 Q. Have you conducted any studies or given any workshops with
23 regards to interviewing techniques and the effect on memory?
24 A. Well, that is typically what -- when I would be consulting,
25 for example, with the FBI or the Secret Service or even the
SOUTHERN DISTRICT REPORTERS, P.C.
(212) 805-0300
(212) 805-0300
DOJ-OGR-00016609
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