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643 KB
Extraction Summary
3
People
4
Organizations
1
Locations
2
Events
3
Relationships
4
Quotes
Document Information
Type:
Legal document
File Size:
643 KB
Summary
This document is a page from a legal summation in case 1:20-cr-00330-PAE, filed on August 10, 2022. The speaker, likely Ms. Menninger, argues about the unreliability and malleability of memory, using Annie Farmer's incorrect recollection of an April 1996 date as an example and citing expert testimony from Dr. Loftus. The speaker also asserts that Dr. Loftus is not just a defense witness, as she has previously consulted for the Department of Justice, FBI, and Secret Service, the same agencies involved in the prosecution.
People (3)
| Name | Role | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Ms. Menninger |
Mentioned in the header, likely the person giving the summation.
|
|
| Annie Farmer |
Mentioned as an example of someone whose memory of a date (April 1996) was incorrect, illustrating the constructive p...
|
|
| Dr. Loftus | Defense witness |
An expert who testified about the nature of memory, including false memories and confidence malleability. The documen...
|
Organizations (4)
| Name | Type | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Department of Justice | Government agency |
Mentioned as an agency that Dr. Loftus has consulted with.
|
| FBI | Government agency |
Mentioned as an agency that Dr. Loftus has consulted with and whose personnel interviewed people in the case.
|
| Secret Service | Government agency |
Mentioned as an agency that Dr. Loftus has consulted with.
|
| SOUTHERN DISTRICT REPORTERS, P.C. | Company |
Listed in the footer, likely the court reporting service that transcribed the proceedings.
|
Timeline (2 events)
1996-04
Annie Farmer incorrectly recalled an event happening on a specific date in April 1996.
Dr. Loftus consulted with various government agencies involved in the case.
Locations (1)
| Location | Context |
|---|---|
|
Mentioned in a question about sexual abuse.
|
Relationships (3)
The document states that 'Dr. Loftus has consulted with the Department of Justice'.
The document states that 'Dr. Loftus has consulted with... the FBI'.
The document states that 'Dr. Loftus has consulted with... and the Secret Service'.
Key Quotes (4)
"memory is a constructive process; that we often takes bits and pieces of experiences and try to put them together to make sense"Source
— Ms. Menninger (summarizing testimony)
(Describing the nature of memory as explained by an expert during a summation.)
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Quote #1
"the more confident a person gets if they receive confirming information like from their lawyer or another accuser, then they go up in their confidence."Source
— Ms. Menninger (summarizing testimony)
(Explaining the concept of confidence malleability in witness testimony.)
DOJ-OGR-00014547.jpg
Quote #2
"Dr. Loftus has consulted with the Department of Justice, the bosses of these prosecutors; the FBI, the people who interviewed in this case; and the Secret Service."Source
— Ms. Menninger
(Stating that the defense expert has also worked with the prosecuting agencies.)
DOJ-OGR-00014547.jpg
Quote #3
"So to be telling you that she's only a defense witness is simply not true."Source
— Ms. Menninger
(Arguing that Dr. Loftus's expertise is not biased towards the defense, as she has also consulted for the government agencies involved.)
DOJ-OGR-00014547.jpg
Quote #4
Full Extracted Text
Complete text extracted from the document (1,624 characters)
Case 1:20-cr-00330-PAE Document 767 Filed 08/10/22 Page 147 of 257 2981
LCKVMAX6
Summation - Ms. Menninger
LCKVMAX6
Summation - Ms. Menninger
1 government asking you four times, Are you sure there was no
2 sexual abuse in New Mexico? Could that possibly be pressure to
3 give more information that sometimes leads to corrupt memories?
4 And she explained to you that memory is a constructive
5 process; that we often takes bits and pieces of experiences and
6 try to put them together to make sense, which is exactly what
7 Annie Farmer told you she did when she figured out the April
8 1996 date and she happened to be wrong.
9 How vivid a memory seems does not make it more
10 accurate. She talked about false memories being planted in
11 people's minds. You remember things like being attacked by a
12 vicious animal or nearly drowning; and that people can have
13 rich false memories that have been planted in their minds. She
14 also talked about confidence malleability; that the more
15 confident a person gets if they receive confirming information
16 like from their lawyer or another accuser, then they go up in
17 their confidence.
18 Dr. Loftus has consulted with the Department of
19 Justice, the bosses of these prosecutors; the FBI, the people
20 who interviewed in this case; and the Secret Service. So to be
21 telling you that she's only a defense witness is simply not
22 true. And if the government had called her, she would have
23 told them the same information, it's just information they
24 didn't want to hear.
25 You remember the government asking questions of Dr.
2 sexual abuse in New Mexico? Could that possibly be pressure to
3 give more information that sometimes leads to corrupt memories?
4 And she explained to you that memory is a constructive
5 process; that we often takes bits and pieces of experiences and
6 try to put them together to make sense, which is exactly what
7 Annie Farmer told you she did when she figured out the April
8 1996 date and she happened to be wrong.
9 How vivid a memory seems does not make it more
10 accurate. She talked about false memories being planted in
11 people's minds. You remember things like being attacked by a
12 vicious animal or nearly drowning; and that people can have
13 rich false memories that have been planted in their minds. She
14 also talked about confidence malleability; that the more
15 confident a person gets if they receive confirming information
16 like from their lawyer or another accuser, then they go up in
17 their confidence.
18 Dr. Loftus has consulted with the Department of
19 Justice, the bosses of these prosecutors; the FBI, the people
20 who interviewed in this case; and the Secret Service. So to be
21 telling you that she's only a defense witness is simply not
22 true. And if the government had called her, she would have
23 told them the same information, it's just information they
24 didn't want to hear.
25 You remember the government asking questions of Dr.
SOUTHERN DISTRICT REPORTERS, P.C.
(212) 805-0300
(212) 805-0300
DOJ-OGR-00014547
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