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2007 Utah L. Rev. 861, *901

participant in the proceedings," 227 the same considerations demand that victims be able to attend a pretrial deposition. To be sure, crime victims (like other members of the public) will have the opportunity to hear deposition testimony when it is introduced at trial. 228 But that may be a pale substitute for actually observing a witness testify in person. 229 Victims may also be able to facilitate the truth-seeking process by watching witnesses at the deposition and alerting prosecutors or defense attorneys to any false statements that are being made. 230 Rule 15 should, therefore, be amended to ensure that crime victims have a right to attend any deposition.

Rule 17 - Victims' Right to Notice of Subpoena of Confidential Information

The Proposals:

I recommended amending Rule 17 to ensure that subpoenas to third parties seeking personal and confidential information about crime victims would not be [*902] abused. Initially, I proposed requiring a court determination of relevance at trial and notice to a victim as follows:

Rule 17(h)(2) - Victim Information. After indictment, no record or document containing personal or confidential information about a victim may be subpoenaed without a finding by the court that the information is relevant to trial and that compliance appears to be reasonable. If the court makes such a finding, notice shall then be given to the victim, through the attorney for the government or for the victim, before the subpoena is served. On motion made promptly by the victim, the court may quash or modify the subpoena if compliance would be unreasonable or oppressive. 231

The Advisory Committee proposed more limited protections for such information as follows:

Rule 17(c)(3) - Subpoena for Personal or Confidential Information About Victim. After a complaint, indictment, or information is filed, a subpoena requiring the production of personal or confidential information about a victim may not be served on a third party without a court order, which may be granted ex parte. Before entering the order, the court may require that notice be given to the victim so that the victim has an opportunity to move to quash or modify the subpoena. 232

The Advisory Committee also proposed the following note to accompany the rule change:

Subdivision(c)(3). This amendment implements the Crime Victims' Rights Act, codified at 18 U.S.C. § 3771(a)(8), which states that victims have a right to respect for their "dignity and privacy." The rule provides a protective mechanism when the defense subpoenas a third party to provide personal or confidential information about a victim. Third party subpoenas raise special concerns because a third party may not assert the victim's interests, and the victim may be unaware of the subpoena. Accordingly, the amendment requires judicial approval before service of a subpoena seeking personal or confidential information about a victim from a third party. The amendment also provides a mechanism for notifying the victim, and makes it clear that a victim may move to quash or modify the subpoena under Rule 17(c)(2) on the grounds that it is unreasonable or oppressive.

The amendment applies only to subpoenas served after a complaint, indictment, or information has been filed. It has no application to grand [*903] jury subpoenas. When the grand jury seeks the production of personal or confidential information, grand jury secrecy affords substantial protection for the victim's privacy and dignity interests.

227 150 Cong. Rec. S10911 (daily ed. Oct. 9, 2004) (statement of Sen. Kyl).

228 See United States v. McDougal, 103 F.3d 651, 659 (8th Cir. 1996).

229 See generally Douglas E. Beloof & Paul G. Cassell, The Victim's Right to Attend the Trial: The Reascendant National Consensus, 9 Lewis & Clark L. Rev. 481, 534-38 (2005) (discussing reasons victims need to hear testimony in person).

230 See id. at 544-45 (advancing this argument about victims attending trials).

231 Cassell, Proposed Amendments, supra note 4, at 875.

232 Proposed Amendments, supra note 71, R. 17(c)(3), at 7.

DAVID SCHOEN

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