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Case 1:19-cv-10479-ALC-DCF Document 13 Filed 01/29/20 Page 1 of 4
BSF BOIES
SCHILLER
FLEXNER
Telephone: (212) 446-2300
Email: jischiller@bsfllp.com
January 29, 2020
VIA ECF
The Honorable Andrew L. Carter Jr.
District Court Judge
United States District Court
Southern District of New York
40 Foley Square
New York, NY 10007
Re: Bryant v. Indyke et al., Case No. 19-cv-10479
Dear Judge Carter,
Pursuant to Individual Rule 2(A), Plaintiff Juliette Bryant hereby responds to Defendants’
request for a pre-motion conference in connection with their anticipated motion to dismiss. Dkt.
12. Plaintiff’s claims are timely under New York’s statutes of limitation and the doctrine of
equitable estoppel, and Defendants’ proposed motion “to dismiss” Plaintiff’s request for punitive
damages is procedurally improper. For the following reasons, the Court should deny Defendants’
anticipated motion in its entirety.
I. Plaintiff’s Claims Are Timely Under New York Law.
Plaintiff’s claims are timely under New York’s CPLR § 215(8)(a), which provides:
“Whenever it is shown that a criminal action against the same defendant has been commenced
with respect to the event or occurrence from which a claim governed by this section arises, the
plaintiff shall have at least one year from the termination of the criminal action . . . to commence
the civil action.” (Emphasis added). Here, Epstein’s criminal action in this District terminated on
August 29, 2019. Compl. ¶ 36. Because Plaintiff filed the Complaint less than three months later,
the action is timely under CPLR § 215(8)(a). Defendants’ arguments against CPLR § 215(8)(a)’s
application to these facts are meritless.
First, Defendants’ argument that CPLR § 215(8)(a) does not apply because Plaintiff was
not named as a victim in Epstein’s indictment is incorrect. New York courts have held that CPLR
§ 215(8)(a) is “plain, clear and unambiguous” that it does not require that the plaintiff be “the
victim or the specific person upon whom the crime had been committed.” Clemens v. Nealon, 202
A.D.2d 747, 749 (N.Y. App. Div. 1994).
Second, Defendants’ narrow construction of § 215(8)(a)’s “event or occurrence” language
is improper, especially in light of the breadth of Epstein’s indictment. The charges were not limited
to crimes committed against specific victims. For example, the overt acts alleged for the sex
trafficking conspiracy charge were enticing and recruiting multiple victims, “including minor
victims identified herein.” Compl., Ex. A (S.D.N.Y Indictment) ¶ 22(a) (emphasis added). As
another example, the Indictment’s sex trafficking count charged Epstein with the sex trafficking
of “numerous individuals . . . including but not limited to Minor Victim-1.” Id. ¶ 24. Nor did the
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Indictment describe the sex trafficking conspiracy as exclusively targeting minor victims—it
explicitly acknowledged that some victims were not underage at the time of the sexual abuse. Id.
¶ 11 (“[Epstein] knew that many of his New York victims were underage.”). The Indictment was
targeted at Epstein’s sex-trafficking scheme as a whole, and that scheme is the event or occurrence
from which Plaintiff’s civil claims arose. See Kashef v. BNP Paribas S.A., 925 F.3d 53, 56–57,
62 (2d Cir. 2019) (guilty plea conceding “knowledge of the atrocities being committed in Sudan”
allowed victims of the atrocities in Sudan use 215(8)(a) because causes of action arose out of
defendant’s general conspiracy with Sudan to violate U.S. sanctions put in place to stop atrocities).
Because Plaintiff’s claims arise out of this common scheme, they fall within CPLR § 215(8)(a).
The cases Defendants cite are inapposite because the criminal charges in those cases were
much narrower than Epstein’s, and related to events that occurred on specified dates. See
Christodoulou v. Terdeman, 262 A.D.2d 595, 596 (N.Y. App. Div. 1999) (prosecution commenced
only in connection with events on two dates); Gallina v. Thatcher, No. 2017-52980, 2018 N.Y.
Misc. LEXIS 8435, at *3 (Sup. Ct. Oct. 23, 2018) (indictment “charged [the defendant] for
incidents occurring on three (3) specific dates”). Epstein’s Indictment was much broader, covering
sexual abuse that occurred “over the course of many years” “from at least in or about 2002, up to
and including at least in or about 2005.” S.D.N.Y. Indictment ¶¶1–2, 8, 20, 24 (emphases added).
Plaintiff’s claims are therefore timely under CPLR § 215(8)(a) because the scheme the S.D.N.Y.
Indictment targeted is the event or occurrence from which Plaintiff’s civil claims arise.
Plaintiff’s claims are also timely under CPLR § 213-c, which provides for a twenty year
limitations period for “all civil claims or causes of action brought by any person for physical,
psychological or other injury or condition suffered by such person as a result of conduct which
would constitute rape” or other enumerated sex crimes. The Complaint alleges that Epstein raped
Plaintiff numerous times within the past twenty years. See Compl. ¶ 44 (“Epstein repeatedly raped
Juliette by forcible compulsion.”). Plaintiff’s claims fall squarely within CPLR § 213-c’s coverage.
Defendants’ assertion that CPLR § 213-c does not apply because “the 20-year SOL does not apply
retroactively” is meritless. CPLR § 213-c’s text contains no such limitation, and was revised last
year (increasing the limitations period from 5 to 20 years) specifically to allow claims such as
Plaintiff’s to proceed. See June 17, 2019, New York Committee Report, 2019 NY S.B. 6574 (NS)
(noting that “victims who have suffered in silence for decades have bravely spoken about their
abuse, and have also laid bare the state’s limited ability to prosecute their abusers due to the
passage of time” and that “this bill would increase the time period in which the victim could bring
a civil suit for these offenses to twenty years”).
Defendants also assert that Plaintiff’s claims are untimely under New York’s borrowing
statute, CPLR § 202. This argument fails for two reasons. First, CPLR § 202 only applies to non-
residents who are injured outside of New York, and the controlling date for determining a
plaintiff’s residence is the date on which the cause of action accrued, not the date on which the
action was commenced. See, e.g., DeMartino v. Rivera, 148 A.D.2d 568, 570 (N.Y. App. Div.
1989). Under the borrowing statute, the phrases “resident” and “domicile” are not synonymous.
“Rather, the determination of whether a plaintiff is a New York resident, for purposes of CPLR §
202, turns on whether [she] has a significant connection with some locality in the State as the result
of living there for some length of time during the course of a year.” Antone v. Gen. Motors Corp.,
473 N.E.2d 742, 746 (N.Y. 1984). The fact that Plaintiff currently lives in South Africa is therefore
irrelevant. At the time of her repeated sexual assaults, Plaintiff was a resident of New York.
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Epstein’s co-conspirators got Plaintiff a visa so that she could travel to New York often, and when
she visited she stayed at Epstein’s New York home for one to two weeks at a time. Compl. ¶¶ 41,
46. Because Plaintiff had a significant connection with New York at the time her cause of action
accrued, she was a resident of New York, and CPLR § 202 does not apply.
Second, even if New York’s borrowing statute did apply and Plaintiff’s claims were
otherwise untimely, they would still not be barred because CPLR § 215(8)(a) provides for civil
actions to commence within “one year from the termination of the criminal action . . .
notwithstanding that the time in which to commence such action has already expired.”
II. Plaintiff Has Sufficiently Pled Facts Supporting Equitable Estoppel and Tolling.
Even if Plaintiff’s claims were otherwise time-barred under New York’s statutes of
limitation (they are not), they would still be timely under the doctrine of equitable estoppel.
Defendants assert that Plaintiff “fails to meet her burden to allege extraordinary circumstances
sufficient to justify tolling or equitable estoppel.” Dkt. 12 at 2. But the Complaint alleges in detail
the methods of intimidation and control that Jeffrey Epstein and his co-conspirators used to deter
their victims from seeking justice. Equitable estoppel applies “where it would be unjust to allow
a defendant to assert a statute of limitations defense,” Zumpano v. Quinn, 849 N.E.2d 926, 929
(N.Y. 2006), due to “deception, concealment, threats, or other misconduct,” Zoe G. v. Frederick
F.G., 208 A.D.2d 675, 675 (N.Y. App. Div. 1994). The Complaint alleges that Epstein and his
co-conspirators manipulated victims using “financial power, promises, and threats;” that Plaintiff
was “afraid of betraying Epstein because of his money and power” and was “afraid he would hurt
her or her family;” that Epstein tried to scare her by telling her that he had one of his accusers sent
to prison; and that Epstein tried to keep in contact with Plaintiff after the abuse ended. Compl. ¶¶
27, 47, 51. The allegations concerning Epstein’s purposeful silencing of his victims (and Plaintiff
specifically) easily provide the requisite “extraordinary circumstances” for equitable tolling.
Because equitable estoppel and equitable tolling are fact-specific doctrines, Defendants’
attempt to resolve the issue at motion to dismiss is inappropriate, and any motion challenging
whether or not those doctrines apply should be reserved until after the parties have conducted
discovery. See, e.g., Carelock v. United States, 2015 WL 5000816, at *8 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 20, 2015).
III. The Court Should Address Punitive Damages After Discovery
Federal Rule 12(b)(6) allows a defendant to file a motion to dismiss for “failure to state a
claim upon which relief can be granted.” Defendants’ request for the Court to dismiss Plaintiff’s
claim for punitive damages does not relate to either of Plaintiff’s clams (battery and intentional
infliction of emotion distress) and does not relate to the sufficiency of the allegations in the
Complaint. The issue of what type of damages to which Plaintiff is entitled should therefore be
dealt with at a later stage of this litigation. See, e.g., Okyere v. Palisades Collection, LLC, 961 F.
Supp. 2d 522, 536 (S.D.N.Y. 2013) (denying “motion to ‘dismiss’ plaintiff’s request for punitive
damages as procedurally premature”).
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Respectfully submitted,
/s/ Joshua I. Schiller
David Boies, Esq.
Joshua I. Schiller, Esq.
Sigrid S. McCawley, Esq.
cc: Counsel of Record (via ECF)